Laws on Tattoos in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Laws on Tattoos in the Workplace - Essay Example The law supports the presence of body tattoos in visible areas as it is embedded in the constitution that every individual is subject to the universal human rights that cannot be taken away. As such, the tattoos are a part of the expression of the individual who has the tattoos, as they attempt to bring a point to the world in the one way they know best. With this in mind, the law supports the presence of these visible tattoos as they are part of the person’s rights and do not violate anybody else’s rights. This is to say that the law prohibits the denial of work or a job based on race, colour, ethnicity, gender or religious beliefs, which also translates to the important aspect of the tattoos (Crowe). In relation to this, the law supports the employees to have that which pleases them, but not at the expense of the employer. Aside from this, there is the valid support for the ban of visible tattoos in the workplace based on the professional code of ethics and code of dr ess dictated by the employer. In this case, the employer’s rights take precedence over those of the employee, where the employee should follow the conditions set by the employer. The translation of this is that the law recognizes the independence of the employer, and even the incumbent sovereignty, where one has to submit to the workplace rules. There are distinct precedents that uphold the rights of both the employee and the employer but set the boundaries as to who takes precedence over the other, and who should submit to the will of the other. With this in mind, the legal fraternity in the United States dictates that the rights of the employer precede those of the employee, in which case the courts have ruled in favour of the employers consistently (Lynn). This is to mean that the employers, according to the law, are legally mandated to set the boundaries for the employees on how much body art they can display.

Underage Drinking Essay Example for Free

Underage Drinking Essay There are several problems caused by underage drinking; furthermore, this is a serious disease. Most teenagers have a greater record of underage drinking compared to young people 20 years ago. There are more accidents and deaths now as a result of underage alcohol consumption. Subsequently, we are for the banning of underage drinking. First of all, alcohol causes many problems for society nowadays. Alcohol has been used throughout history for various reasons. According to the medical Encyclopedia, alcoholism is an illness marked by drinking alcoholic beverages to excess. As long as alcohol consumption is not at a level that interferes with physical health, it is not a problem. There are two types of alcoholism: dependence and abuse; however, both of them could cause many problems in society. Alcoholism has a large effect in youth; there are more than 10. 4 million young people between ages 12 and 20 who suffer from it. Second, the difference between social drinking and alcohol has changed a lot over time. Now alcohol abuse has become teenagers’ focus. In addition, they don’t have control over how much they drink. They might want to attend social events that only involve alcohol, or they can’t enjoy themselves. Going to a bar or making a drink after coming home from work becomes more important than connecting with friends or family. These days, alcohol might be the way to avoid painful feelings or troubled relationships. As a result, teenagers might resort to dangerous behavior, like driving while drunk, or they may even exhibit violent behavior. Third, there are more accidents and deaths as a result of underage alcohol consumption. When people ask teenagers how easy it is to get alcohol, they mostly say it is very easy. As alcohol is easier to obtain, it produces more problems. Around 4,300 deaths are caused by teenagers who drink alcohol because they are more likely to have car accidents or fights. For example, according to the daily mail online, †Joseph Salah, 19, lost control of his car while he was driving drunk, crashing and killing David Powel, 20 years old, instantly and injuring two other passengers. Imagine a teen driving drunk without thinking about consequences, or messing around with someone who cannot control his or her behavior; it often results in a catastrophe. Finally, we disagree with underage alcohol consumption. Nevertheless, this issue causes a lot of arguments around the world. Society is affected by alcohol, but governments still allow it to be sold while banning other drugs. Alcohol companies produce millions of dollars annually in revenues and taxes; that’s why governments won’t do more to prevent underage alcohol consumption.

Best Day of my Life Essay -- essays research papers personal narrative

Throughout life I have had many memorable events. The memorable times in my life vary from being the worst times in my life and some being the best, either way they have become milestones that will be remembered forever. The best day of my life was definitely the day that I received my drivers’ license. This day is one of the most memorable because of the feelings I had when I received it, the opportunities that were opened up for me and the long lasting benefits that I received from it that still exist today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Getting my drivers’ license was an intense feeling that I will never forget. Just knowing that I had a drivers’ license made me feel so free, as free as a bird flying in the open sky with no real place to go, just a desire to be free. I felt like I could do anything. I had new responsibilities like most adults, and I came to a realization that I had lived through one of the most important events in the process of growing up. This event opened up many possibilities for me such as interests in cars, driving skill improvement, and freedom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With my drivers’ license I could pick up my friends without my parents around, making the friend experience a whole lot better. I could go on dates without the embarrassment of my parents driving me. On any given day I could do anything I wanted because I could drive. I could feel the textures of the roads, smell the fresh air when my windows were down, see the beautiful terrain that I drove through and I could hear any type...

Organizational Focus and Goals Essay

What is the organization’s current focus? What are the organization’s overarching goals? The current focus of Blue Cross Blue Shields is to provide the best quality insurance to their members. Also, it is time for an open enrollment period for their current members, or trying to get new members to come to Blue Cross Blue Shields. The organizations overarching goals are to provide its members with the lowest premium cost, but providing the most insurance coverage for the least amount. What are the organization’s training needs? How do they relate to the overarching goals? The training needs of the organization lies solely on the type of job each associate. The needs of the organization will be the focus of how the associates will train. During this time, associates will learn how to provide the best member care, and to ensure their members are happy and have the coverage he or she requested. The relation to the overarching goals of Blue Cross Blue Shields is providing the best quality insurance for their members, new members, and provides the best quality customer service. What effect does the organization’s focus and goals have on prioritizing the type and amount of training? The effect is directly associated with the needs and focus of the organization. The employees are directed by training with specific guidelines, and individual one on one communication to answer any questions. Employees will have the option to take upcoming classes to assist with member needs and the workers current job. Introduction For this assignment there is information regarding organizational focus and goals. The organization discussed is about Blue Cross Blue Shields. An organization as large as this needs to ensure all goals and focus are prioritized accurately. Also, this paper discusses the training needs of Blue Cross Blue Shields. Listed in paper are the topics of how Blue Cross Blue Shields prioritizes their focus. â€Å"Blue Cross Blue Shields has more than 105 million members-1-3- Americans rely on Blue Cross Blue Shield companies for access to safe, quality, and affordable healthcare (Blue Cross, 2014).† How would you prioritize specific training needs based on the organization’s needs and current focus? Depending on the present situation of the company, the current focus of training will be specifically related to the needs. Focus and needs of the members needs to be top of the list, and making sure employees are properly trained to assist those needs. Setting up monthly meetings with employees to ensure the focus of its members, and there needs get met. Why must you consider the organization’s overarching goals when prioritizing training? In order for an organization to continue to be a success, it is crucial that overarching goals, and member’s needs get met. The better the care of its member’s the more he, or she is willing to stay with Blue Cross Blue Shields, and new members will follow. Everyone wants to ensure his or her insurance needs get met, and are not paying for an excessive amount for coverage. The most important aspect of Blue Cross Blue Shields is to ensure their members are happy, and provided the best customer care to fulfill their needs. Conclusion Every organization has there own way of how their focus and goals are prioritized. Blue Cross Blue Shields remains focused on giving the proper training to their employees, to better serve their members. It is important for Blue Cross Blue Shields to stay focused, as well as meet their own goals while providing proper care to their members. With all this in mind the proper steps taken can improve training employees and member care. References Questions Courtesy of University of Phoenix. (2014). Organizational Goals and Focus. Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. (2014). Retrieved from http://www. About Blue Cross Blue Shield Association.

Development in Late Adulthood Essay

Daniel Levinson depicts the late adulthood period as those years that encompass age 65 and beyond. Other developmental psychologists further divide later adulthood into young-old (ages 65–85) and old-old (ages 85 and beyond) stages. Today, 13 percent of the population is over the age of 65, compared with 3 percent at the beginning of this century. This dramatic increase in the demographics of older adulthood has given rise to the discipline of gerontology, or the study of old age and aging. Gerontologists are particularly interested in confronting ageism, or prejudice and discrimination against older adults. Aging inevitably means physical decline, some of which may be due to lifestyle, such as poor diet and lack of exercise, rather than illness or the aging process. Energy reserves dwindle. Cells decay. Muscle mass decreases. The immune system is no longer as capable as it once was in guarding against disease. Body systems and organs, such as the heart and lungs, become less efficient. Overall, regardless of people’s best hopes and efforts, aging translates into decline. Even so, the speed at which people age, as well as how aging affects their outlook on life, varies from person to person. In older adulthood, people experience both gains and losses. For instance, while energy is lost, the ability to conserve energy is gained. Age also brings understanding, patience, experience, and wisdom—qualities that improve life regardless of the physical changes that may occur. Aging in late adulthood profoundly affects appearance, sensation, and motor abilities. An older adult’s appearance changes as wrinkles appear and the skin becomes less elastic and thin. Small blood vessels break beneath the surface of the skin, and warts, skin tags, and age spots (liver spots) may form on the body. Hair thins and turns gray as melanin decreases, and height lessens perhaps by an inch or two as bone density decreases. The double standard of aging applies to men and women in older adulthood just as it did in middle adulthood. Older men may still be seen as distinguished, while older women are labeled as grandmotherly, over the hill, and past the prime of life. During late adulthood, the senses begin to dull. With age, the lenses of the eye discolor and become rigid, interfering with the perception of color and distance and the ability to read. Without corrective glasses, nearly half the elderly population would be legally blind. Hearing also diminishes, especially the ability to detect high-pitched sounds. As a result, the elderly may develop suspiciousness or even a mild form of paranoia—unfounded distrustfulness—in response to not being able to hear well. They may attribute bad intentions to those whom they believe are whispering or talking about them, rather than correctly attributing their problems to bad hearing. Hearing problems can be corrected with hearing aids, which are widely available. The sense of taste remains fairly intact into old age, even though the elderly may have difficulty distinguishing tastes within blended foods. By old age, however, the sense of smell shows a marked decline. Both of these declines in sensation may be due to medications, such as antihypertensives, as well as physical changes associated with old age. In addition to changes in appearance and the dulling of the senses, reflexes slow and fine motor abilities continue to decrease with old age. By late adulthood, most adults have noticed a gradual reduction in their response time to spontaneous events. This is especially true of older adults who drive. While routine maneuvers on familiar streets may pose fewer problems than novel driving situations, older adults’ reaction times eventually decline to the point that operating a vehicle is too hazardous. However, many elderly are hesitant to give up driving because the sacrifice would represent the end of their personal autonomy and freedom. Generally, older adults score lower overall on tests of manual dexterity than do younger adults. Older adults may find that their fine motor skills and performance speed decrease in some areas but not in others. For instance, an elderly lifelong pianist may continue to exhibit incredible finger dexterity at the keyboard, but may at the same time find that taking up needlepoint as a hobby is too difficult. Although the average life expectancy is 79 for females and 72 for males, older adulthood can easily extend 20 years or more beyond these figures. As older adults age, most report increasing health problems. Even so, only about 5 percent of adults over age 65 and 25 percent of those over age 85 live in nursing homes, foster care (where elderly people live with a family licensed by the state to care for aging adults), or other long-term care facilities. With medical advances and continued improvements in health-care delivery, the older population is expected to increase in its numbers and report better health. Estimates are that within the next 30 years, one out of every five Americans will be an older adult. Although most older adults have at least one chronic health problem, such ilments need not pose limitations on activities well into the adults’ 80s and beyond. The most common medical concerns during older adulthood are arthritis and rheumatism, cancer, cataracts of the eyes, dental problems, diabetes, hearing and vision problems, heart disease, hypertension, and orthopedic injuries. Because the elderly are at greater risk of losing their balance and falling, hip fractures and breakages are particularly common and dangerous in this age group. Contracting colds and flus can have especially serious repercussions for the elderly. This is due, in part, to the reduced capacity of older adults’ body organs and immune system to fight disease. Unfortunate, but not uncommon, is the following scenario: An elderly person falls at home and breaks a hip bone, undergoes successful hip-replacement surgery, and then dies two weeks later from postoperative pneumonia or other infections because of reduced reserve capacity and inability to recover from infection. Inadequate nutrition and the misuse of medication also may be implicated in older adults who suffer from poor health. By the time adults reach age 65, they need 20 percent fewer calories than they did in their youth, but they still need the same amount of nutrients. This may explain, in part, why so many older Americans are overweight but undernourished. Additionally, cooking becomes a hassle for many older adults, and they find it easier to eat fast food, junk food, or nothing at all. Furthermore, many elderly unintentionally overuse prescription medication or combine medications that, when used together, produce toxic effects. As the body ages and potentially becomes more sensitive to the effects of prescription medications, drug dosages should be carefully monitored and assessed by a physician. Many elderly who have been hospitalized in near-death condition begin to recover as soon as their medications are reduced or stopped. Life expectancy can be prolonged through exercise. Older adults who have kept active, remained fit, and eaten wholesome foods throughout their lives tend to fare better than those who have not. This should be a lesson to younger adults who have an opportunity to modify their health habits early in life. The mental, emotional, and behavioral problems typically encountered by older adults are depression, anxiety, and dementia (mental deterioration, also known as organic brain syndrome. Poor nutrition, inadequate sleep, metabolic problems, and strokes may cause dementia, which affects 4 percent of those over age 65. (Dementia due to strokes is sometimes termed multi-infarct dementia. ) Older adults with dementia experience forgetfulness, confusion, and personality changes. Many people use the term senility to refer to dementia, which is incorrect. Senility does not have a precise or actual medical meaning; it is an overused and nonspecific term, like the word neurosis. Similar in symptoms to dementia is Alzheimer’s disease, an irreversible degenerative brain disorder that can affect as many as 50 percent of older adults over age 85 and eventually results in death. Early symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease include agitation, confusion, difficulty concentrating, loss of memory and orientation, and trouble speaking. Later symptoms include the inability to use or understand language, and total loss of control over bodily functions. Unfortunately, Alzheimer’s is still a mystery to doctors and other scientists. In fact, the only certain diagnostic procedure for Alzheimer’s disease is the analysis of autopsied brain tissue. The exact causes of Alzheimer’s disease continue to elude researchers, although some suspect that genetics and malfunctions in enzyme activity may play a role. People often fear that aging will cause their intellect to disappear, giving way to cognitive impairment and irrationality. However, intellectual decline is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Research does not support the stereotypic notion of the elderly losing general cognitive functioning or that such loss, when it does occur, is necessarily disruptive. Older adults tend to learn more slowly and perform less well on tasks involving imagination and memorization than do younger adults, but what older adults may be lacking in terms of specific mental tasks, they make up for in wisdom, or expert and practical knowledge based on life experience. Many older adults complain about not being able to remember things as well as they once could. Memory problems seem to be due to sensory storage problems in the short-term rather than long-term memory processes. That is, older adults tend to have much less difficulty recalling names and places from long ago than they do acquiring and recalling new information. Practice and repetition may help minimize the decline of memory and other cognitive functions. Researchers have found that older adults can improve their scores on assorted tests of mental abilities with only a few hours of training. Working puzzles, having hobbies, learning to use a computer, and reading are a few examples of activities or approaches to learning that can make a difference in older adults’ memory and cognitive functions. Recent decades have witnessed older adults’ growing interest in continuing their education. In fact, many colleges and community centers offer classes for free or at a significant discount for senior citizens. Although keeping up with a class of 20 year olds may be a challenge, older adults can learn new information if it is presented clearly, slowly, and over a period of time. Older adults also can enrich the learning process for others through the insight and wisdom they’ve gained from life experience. Younger students often remark that they appreciate the practical perspective that their older colleagues offer. Older adults who have kept their minds active and fit continue to learn and grow, but perhaps more gradually than their younger colleagues. Patience and understanding (on the part of both the elderly and their significant others), memory training, and continued education are important for maintaining mental abilities and the quality of life in the later years.

Marianela essays

Marianela essays 1. The name of my Independent Novel is "Marianela". The author of "Marianela" is Benito Perez Galdos. "Marianela" has a total of 152 pages. 2. The major characters in my independent novel are: The aid and person who serves as companion Pablo is blind, and believes Marianela to be a beautiful woman. 3. The Major Conflict of the novel, is the fact that Pablo undergoes an experimental surgery, by which he regains his sense of sight. This causes a great deal of distress to Marianela, who is afraid Pablo will think she is ugly. The characters involved in this conflict, are of course Marianela, and Pablo. This conflict could easily be described as Man vs. Society, due to the fact that the 18-hundreds society she lived in, made her think lowly of herself, and not fit 4. At the climax of the story, when Pablo undergoes his surgery, Marianela runs away fearing that Pablo will dislike her appearance. Since he himself thought that divorce of Physical beauty from Spiritual beauty was "impossible". 5. The protagonists of the story are Marianela and Pablo. The antagonists of the story are Ignorance, and the Intervention of Science. They are the cause of the main conflict. Another person who can be thought of as an antagonist is Florentina, she is according to everyone, "beautiful", and Marianela is sure that when Pablo regains his sight, he will think she's an angel, and Marianela an unattractive person. 6. The conflict is not resolved, or atleast not in a positive way. Marianela commits suicide by throwing herself down the main stairwell of Pablo's home. Pablo ends up marrying Florentina, ...

The Rise of Industrial America essays

The Rise of Industrial America essays This paper will evaluate U.S. History from 1877 to 1917. This paper will argue that the best way to describe the change in this era is using the theme of the rise of industrial America. Here, as evidence, this paper will focus only on facts that show that new inventions caused change, and by focusing, on this pattern one will see the change in this era. The facts will be summarized from the history book, The Enduring Vision Volume II from 1865, by Boyer, Clark, Kett, Salisbury, Sitkoff, and Woloch, and the examples and references will come from the novel, Alienist, by Caleb Carr. In the beginning of the Alienist, the setting starts of in an industrial America, i.e. New York City in 1896, which technology and new inventions have brought about rapid change in a Social Darwinism America. In the late 1800s, American intellectuals like Herbert Spencer, an English philosopher in the 19th century, which he based his research on Darwins theories of natural selection and applied it to society. Spencer, the government, and American businesspersons used this approach to justify less government intervention in a business-controlled society. In reference to the novel, the character Flynn and Theodore Roosevelt, in referring over Georgio Santorelli corps and were he came from, Flynn demonstrated Social Darwinism toward Georgios kind, with him being natural inferior. In addition, Japheth Dury, the serial killer, explains his outlook of Social Darwinism in his letter he wrote to the crime team. In addition, the rise of industrial America was brought on by the drastic rise of inventions that streamlined the way American industries conducted business. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, and in 1896 he invented the Vita scope, movie projector, also, Thomas Edison, an inventor from Ohio, perfected the light bulb. The invention of the telephone and the light bulb changed the business industries drastically, increasing...

Tips to Write a Flawless Research Paper from Scratch

Tips to Write a Flawless Research Paper from Scratch Tips to Write a Brilliant Research Paper Students should never underestimate the education process and expect it to be simple. Every academic course appears to be a challenge no matter if you study in a high school, college or university. Students face tons of writing tasks and assignments of different types. Writing tasks have a great influence on the academic progress and define your final grade at the end of the curse. Failing the task means problems in getting a higher mark or completing your education. Students are assigned tons of different academic works. Research papers are probably the most common ones. Although we are all familiar to this type of assignment, a few students are actually able to come up with a flawless paper that meets all necessary requirements. In this article, we will find out what a research paper is and how to write a brilliant work. The Definition of a Research Paper A research paper is a typical writing tasks for students who study in high schools, colleges and universities. The paper refers to different grades and levels. It represents a scientific work where students are supposed to highlight their acknowledgment with the topic in addition to an in-depth research and analysis of the subject. The main mission is to stress the issue of the topic, explore it, provide argumentation and solutions to the problem raised. Although each research paper refers to different fields and areas, it features a typical structure. Make sure your paper has: An introduction. A thesis statement. Body paragraphs. Conclusion. Sometimes you may be asked to additionally provide an outline and reference list. Make sure you strictly follow all the instruction assigned by the teacher. Also keep an eye on the type of the paper you need to write. A research paper can be of different types. General Research Paper Types Although all research papers have the same goal when it comes to students writing challenges, they can be of different types. Each type boasts its own unique particularities. Make sure you have a clear understanding of the task. Otherwise, you will not be able to provide a high-quality content. Here are some of the main types of research papers students usually face: Definition Papers; Cause Effect Paper; Argumentative Essay; Analytic and Report Research Papers; Compare Contrast Essays. These are some of the major paper types you will have to write during the education course. Define the type of the project and you will define its aim. Now, lets get to the writing tips that will make it easy to produce a high-quality paper. Research Paper Writing Tips It does not actually matter, what type of research paper you were assigned. You will need all your knowledge of the subject in addition to exceptional research and analytic skills. A few writers can boast possessing such an award-winning combination. However, there are still some tips that will put an ease on the writing process. We do hope they will help you save some energy and time: Make an outline start planning your paper beforehand. Avoid writing your work 2 days before the deadline. Reserve at least a couple of weeks; Conduct a strong thesis statement every brilliant research paper starts with a winning thesis statement. Make it short and persuasive at the same time. Hook your readers up and highlight the main problem and argumentation of your paper; Take notes keep on writing notes every time you have some fresh ideas. They will let you make the text more lively. Keep them all in one place; Follow all the requirements make sure your work meets all established requirements. The slightest miss, and you are doomed to failure; Edit and proofread keep an eye on the slightest grammar and punctuation mistake. Ensure it is 100% plagiarism-free and well-formatted. If you still have difficulties in completing the task, you can opt for some more effective solutions like buying paper online from a proven company that delivers exceptional quality writing services. Who Can Help to Write a Research Paper? Students face numerous obstacles on the way to a successful education course. The lack of time in addition to dozens of regular assignments hardly put an ease on the studying process. This is where online writing services may come in handy. Choose only well-established websites with a good reputation on the web. Avoid amateur writing companies and opt for proven leaders in the niche of academic assistance.

Possible Problems in Air Arabia's Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Possible Problems in Air Arabia's Future - Essay Example and Europe tourist trade, where travelers are more affected by high oil prices than are local travelers. Low-cost airlines have been able to supply routes previously unserved or underserved by traditional network airlines, with local customers taking advantage of low cost. What are the factors that allow an airline to compete successfully with ticket prices It is necessary for an airline like Air Arabia to look to their competition and find ways to offer lower prices than any other airline and still maintain customer satisfaction (Sector; Air). 1. "No frills" services such as not serving food on board or by charging customers for food and drink. Air Arabia maintains competitive pricing by offering a single class with a simple fare structure, and by charging money for on-board food, drinks, and headsets through agreements with various companies to sell consumer items on board, thereby providing a good complimentary income to the low cost model. By focusing on short direct flights, it might not even be necessary to offer food at all (Air 19). 3. Creating package deals through cooperation with hotels and car rental companies.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 49

History - Essay Example On the other hand, Marcus Garvey was more directed at leading the Black population towards a purification of their race and culture through instilling and inculcating Black Nationalism among the Black population (Tindall & Shi 1092-1101). This explains why Garveyism instituted the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) that was directed at establishing a diplomatic existence in every nation, so as to make sure that the interests of the Africans were catered for and their lives improved (Tindall & Shi 1110-1112). On the other hand, there is a great difference in the philosophies of the two leaders since unlike Garvey; Du Bois developed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) among other founders, whose major role was to make sure that the Blacks enjoyed the same political, social, educational and economic rights with the Whites. NAACP simply wanted to eliminate racial discrimination (Tindall & Shi 1112- 1114). From the efforts of Garvey and Du Bois, the Blacks got their freedom n general and even enjoyed equal rights as equals to the Whites. The national environment did not support the creation and success of the UNIA and the NAACP as there was constant rebellion and resistance that saw environmental destruction such as uprooting plants (Tindall & Shi1113-1116). In conclusion, Garvey and Du Bois were instrumental in elimination the discrimination of the Blacks. The struggle for nationalism saw to the unity and emancipation of the colored people from the bondage of inequalities and racism imposed on them by the Whites. The contributions of the UNIA and the NAACP were also extremely useful in the fight for equality among the Blacks. With the wake of the Great Depression, there was need to institute programs that would help save the country from more destruction. It is this fact that led to

Swanson's Theory of Caring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Swanson's Theory of Caring - Essay Example Clinical observations include temperature, blood pressure and pulses are normal. The model used in this context involves evaluating the caregiver’s attitude. They include being competent, meeting individual needs of the women and respecting their dignity. If proper care is given after a woman miscarries then she has the power to improve on her own. The scenario involves women who had early miscarries and those who had a late miscarriage. Nurses and midwives who care for these women are also considered in this situation. Swanson’s caring categories apply in this scenario that includes â€Å"Maintaining belief†, â€Å"knowing†, â€Å"being with†, â€Å"doing for† and â€Å"enabling† (Brier, 2008). The middle range caring theory The theory is built on the basic Swanson’s fundamental principles. These elements are the usual five that the doctor developed in her theory. The first developed by the doctor in 1991 element is referred to as â€Å"knowing† (Jansson & Adolfsson, 2011). It strives to understand an event in the way it has a meaning in another person’s life. It does not assume that one can know what the other feels or they way he or she is affected by the situation. Instead, it tries to understand and endeavor to take care of the person. The lives of the patients are important and the nurse is obliged to fully understand it. When a nurse embraces ‘knowing’, he or she develops empathy that is important for the care receiver. It encompasses observations, systematic research and prolonged clinical experience. The second process is ‘being with’ and it implies being available or with the woman. It implies stepping into her shoes, providing psychological, emotional and physical support (Krippendorff, 2004). It also involves effective communication and good listening skills. The midwife must display assertiveness, advocacy and competence to protect her interests. ‘ Doing for’ process requires maintenance of both knowledge and skills (Adolfsson et al., 2004). It entails doing what the other person would do to themselves and is a practical side and art of the midwife profession. It can be described as comforting, being protective, anticipatory. Nurses should practice it with competency and use all the available skills. The other process is ‘enabling’. This model describes it as facilitation of an individual’s passage through transitions from unfamiliar events (Jansson & Adolfsson, 2011). It is also referred to as empowerment. To empower the women, nurses must give them choices and be fully informed of them. This enables them to control their decisions regarding pregnancy resulting to equal partnership when giving care. For the midwives to give informed choices, they must be aware of all evidence-based guidelines that are relevant to them (Brier, 2008). Finally yet importantly, ‘maintaining belief’ is the f ifth process and entails fulfilling expectations using realities. However, it is only achieved if the expectations are real. Maintaining belief enables midwives â€Å"to know, be with and do for† (Kvale & Brinkmann, 2009). This final process brings all other processes together thereby forming one whole process. Brier (2008) describes it as holding individuals in esteem; believing in the person’s ability to realize set goals. The goal is to have a normal birth that includes a healthy infant and a well-being mother. In the real world, great emotions are always achieved with the importance of birth. The

Wong Sun v. United States & Nardone v. United States Case Study

Wong Sun v. United States & Nardone v. United States - Case Study Example The fifth amendment for example under the grand jury clause requires the states to try felonies only after indictment by grand juries. As such, the process requires effective collection of evidence and witness accounts (Friedman, 1993). In the case, the prosecutor use evidence and witness statements he collected illegally by forcing the second petitioner to make the statements in his bedroom. Additionally, the sixth amendment of the American constitution incorporated the value of human rights in judicial processes by explaining that under notice of accusation, an indictment must claim all the features of the crime. The significance of the case was that it set precedence by refusing the use of illegally acquired evidence. The use of fruits of the poisonous tree, which refers to illegally acquired evidence as was in the case above, contributes to breaches on the rights of the people (Helmholz, 1997). Holding: The court ruled that the evidence were in deed inadmissible owing to the clandestine nature of their collection. The plaintiff proved that the wiretapping was both unlawful and breached on his basic human rights. Reasoning: Privacy is a fundamental feature of personal freedom. The American bill of rights safeguards the basic rights and freedoms of the citizenry. The Fifth Amendment for example provides effective ways that ensure that people do not incriminate themselves. Such rights as the Miranda rights are vital in making sure that a suspect considers his words with the view to protecting himself (American Bar Association, 2001). The provision of the Fifth Amendment thus makes the wiretapping on the plaintiff’s phone unlawful. The process did not only breach the plaintiff’s privacy but also made hi incriminate himself. According to the Fifth Amendment, incriminating of oneself refers to any process that makes one expose himself or herself to a charge. Just as was the case in Wong Sun v. United States, this case presented a similar opportunity in

Trade Union Revitalization in Europe and North America Essay

Trade Union Revitalization in Europe and North America - Essay Example This study looks into a trade union as a labor union. It is formed by workers of a given organization who come up together to set common goals and objectives which are mostly concerned with how to improve their welfare in their respective organizations. Trade unions have their own leadership structures that govern their day to day operations in ensuring that they do achieve their set goals and objectives. One of the key roles of the leadership of these trade unions is to negotiate with the respective employers to favor the interests of the members of that particular trade union. Mostly they bargain about how the employer is expected to improve the working conditions of its employees and also labor contracts. These labor contracts may include the procedures to be followed in recruitment of new staff members and dismissal of any existing employee, terms of wages and so on. Trade unions originated from Europe before spreading to other countries all over the world. In the past, they were not in existence but due to the fact that employers were taking advantage of their unskilled employees by underpaying them and misusing them in their work places trade unions were formed. They became very popular with the employees of various organizations worldwide due to the various benefits derived from them. Trade unions have the power to take any relevant industrial action such as strike if their negotiated demands are not adhered to by the respective authorities. Even though trade unions originated from Europe, the effects of neo-liberal turn has greatly affected the functioning and power of trade unions in the developed countries and especially in Europe and north America in the yester years. High labor mobility is another core factor that has affected the functioning of trade unions in Europe and North America. There has been a variety of strategies developed by the trade unions in these respective countries to try and address the major factors affecting the functioning and powers. These strategies are aimed at ensuring that these trade unions remain for the interest of its workers. Most discussions have been held by various trade unions in Europe and North America to discuss the most viable strategies to solve the problem of increasing labor mobility that has become a threat to the trade unions. One of these strategies that is mostly applicable in North America and Europe is trade union organizing. This strategy was developed in the United States of America before it spread to other countries in America. This strategy mostly stressed the true, fair and known strategies to be applied in the respective organizations when conducting the recruitment and selection of new staff members and also the strategies to be followed when empowering the existing employees in that organization (Milkma & Kim 2004) Despite the benefits associated with the trade union organizing, there has been serious debate in the North America and Europe as to whether this strategy i s the best to bring about revitalization in the trade unions found in organizations located in Europe and North America. In our essay we shall bring out the argument and conclude whether there is trade union revitalization in Europe and North America by assessing the major discussion in progress which aims to compare the organizing strategy with neo liberal regime. Unlike other earlier studies that discussed revitalization of trade unions, this essay focuses on the inter relationship that exists between the strategies chosen by the leaders of these trade unions in their given organizations and the opportunities that may

Wong Sun v. United States & Nardone v. United States Case Study

Wong Sun v. United States & Nardone v. United States - Case Study Example The fifth amendment for example under the grand jury clause requires the states to try felonies only after indictment by grand juries. As such, the process requires effective collection of evidence and witness accounts (Friedman, 1993). In the case, the prosecutor use evidence and witness statements he collected illegally by forcing the second petitioner to make the statements in his bedroom. Additionally, the sixth amendment of the American constitution incorporated the value of human rights in judicial processes by explaining that under notice of accusation, an indictment must claim all the features of the crime. The significance of the case was that it set precedence by refusing the use of illegally acquired evidence. The use of fruits of the poisonous tree, which refers to illegally acquired evidence as was in the case above, contributes to breaches on the rights of the people (Helmholz, 1997). Holding: The court ruled that the evidence were in deed inadmissible owing to the clandestine nature of their collection. The plaintiff proved that the wiretapping was both unlawful and breached on his basic human rights. Reasoning: Privacy is a fundamental feature of personal freedom. The American bill of rights safeguards the basic rights and freedoms of the citizenry. The Fifth Amendment for example provides effective ways that ensure that people do not incriminate themselves. Such rights as the Miranda rights are vital in making sure that a suspect considers his words with the view to protecting himself (American Bar Association, 2001). The provision of the Fifth Amendment thus makes the wiretapping on the plaintiff’s phone unlawful. The process did not only breach the plaintiff’s privacy but also made hi incriminate himself. According to the Fifth Amendment, incriminating of oneself refers to any process that makes one expose himself or herself to a charge. Just as was the case in Wong Sun v. United States, this case presented a similar opportunity in

Marketing Strategy for Next Generation Gym, UK Essay

Marketing Strategy for Next Generation Gym, UK - Essay Example It is a combination of all these factors that lead young people and professionals to join gyms and sports facilities all over the world, and the UK is no exception. In fact the trend for a healthier and happier lifestyle is catching on here. Being in good shape and eating a healthy diet not only help get us noticed and appreciated more at the office and on the street, but also make us irresistible to the opposite sex (Adcock et al, 2001, 17). Most of all, it makes us happy. This paper will look at the comparatively new concept of pay as you go gyms in the UK, with particular reference to Next Generation Club Gyms, a business registered in Hertfordshire, UK. It also has a branch in Swindon. Pay As You Go, a New Concept in the Sports Industry In fact, Next Generation Club Gyms have been the subject of quite rapt attention by sport enthusiasts and marketers alike, since it has introduced the concept of pay as you go in the UK. Similar in concept to schemes for mobile phones, this new in novation has made it easier for people who would like to get into shape or practice some sort of sport activity not on a regular but on an infrequent basis, when they get the time. Of course, it is always better to follow a regular schedule when you can but many of us have varying responsibilities at different times of the day, week or month which does not give us the opportunity to live a really scheduled life. For example, a salesman who has to travel to customers for offers and closing deals can hardly know in advance where he will be at a certain time of the day or how long the next sales call will take. One can similarly get stuck with a last minute assignment at the office, or have to stay an extra shift because somebody is ill or cannot make it. For these individuals, pay as you go certainly makes sense (Perner, Pricing, 2011). When you come to think of it, pay as you go also makes sense for lazy individuals who are not self determined enough to follow a regular schedule. So the idea certainly has merit for most of us. Pay as you go is not only cheaper; you can book a time slot in advance and ensure availability of facilities and equipment that lets you exercise, swim or play tennis at ease and without waiting in line for people to clear out before you get a chance. The concept caught on in the USA some time ago but has only been recently introduced in the UK (Garvin, 1988, 20). Available Facilities and Activities Presently the activities available at Next Generation Gym Club in Swindon are swimming, exercise, racquets and relaxing opportunities. Swimming allows you to relax after a hard day’s work, play casually in the pool or if you are more competitive, even learn some new strokes and increase your lap speed. There are swimming lessons for kids and grownups as well, including aqua aerobics for anyone who is interested. Training for body strength and flexibility include Body Blast, Body Pump, Body Pump Express, Pilates, Spin, Yoga and Boxercise , all scheduled at different times. A monthly schedule is drawn up in advance. Facilities for NG Kids include rugby, basketball, soft play activities, make and create, karate, teen gym street dance academy and booking for parties. There are also squash, tennis and badminton facilities with professional coaching available. The cafe and

College sports gambling Essay Example for Free

College sports gambling Essay With all of the controversy of gambling in college sports, why is the issue still an issue? The answer is money. There were actions taken towards this by Congress, but the problem is that it was never completely abolished. Congress had made the mistake of creating a way around it. It is now commonly referred to as the Las Vegas loophole. They outlawed the betting nationwide with the exception of one state, one state that is the capital of gambling, Nevada. This has caused few changes, with the exception of the ever-growing revenue that it generates. Another reason the legality still remains is one not frequently mentioned, but the question of the ban being constitutional. But no matter what the law, is there realistically ever going to be silence or content? To trace the tracks to the start of mending this problem, we need to go back to 1992. This is the year that the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act took precedence. This law restricts gambling on amateur sports in 46 states and essentially leaves Nevada as the only state that can take bets on those games. Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz) and Rep. Lindsay Graham (R-S. C. ) are striving to get two separate bills passed, both of which are targeted at prohibiting gambling on amateur sports. The bills were introduced a year ago, and at the time, were heavily favored. The bills would legally put a stop to betting on NCAA games, the oh-so-notorious March Madness (the NCAA Tournament), and wagering on all college sports for that matter. Las Vegas casino lobbyist have turned offensive. Who wouldnt, if there were possibilities of losing a $700 million cash cow, with approximately $70 million on March Madness? The money that is generated from sports betting both legal and not, is much too vast to be eradicated. Nevada is the tree trunk for which sports gambling is derived. The casinos are complete with giant electronic boards that offer information on daily events ranging from odds to player injuries. This is the basis of most sports wagering. Nevada generates $2. 3 billion a year on legal sports betting , where as, betting on college sports revenue in Nevada accounts for $650 million of the amount. This is far from the issue though. If betting on college sports in Nevada is made illegal, I find the impact to be very small considering that illegal sports gambling has been estimated at $80 billion to $380 billion a year. At the least, 40 times the legal revenue generated seems very minute. In addition, studies have shown that for every dollar bet on sports in Vegas, $100 is bet with bookies and on the Internet. Rep. Jim Gibbons (R-Nev. ), says that there is nothing backing up that legal gambling in Nevada is in any way responsible for the illegal sports wagering that plagues our nations college campuses. Rep. Shelley Berkley (D-Nev.), said that no problems would be solved by eliminating legal bets any more than suggesting that outlawing aspirin would stop the sale of illegal drugs. A poll done by Gallop from March 18-20 (between the first two weekends of this years NCAA tournament) found that Americans were divided on issue. The poll stated that 49% believe that college sports gambling should be illegal and 47% believe that it should not. Strikingly, college basketball fans are stuck on 48% on both stand-points. The possibility of abolishing gambling on college sports is not very likely nor does it hold much hope of bettering the problem. If the betting was banned, theres no possibility of it just disappearing. The figures and dollar amounts of illegal gambling are much too high now, and it is still legal. What happens when Congress puts this law into effect and everyone ignores it? It surely does not say much about our society and its morals. Howard Shaffer, director of the Division on Addictions at Harvard Medical School, said If we pass legislation that we cannot enforce, it will undermine authority in general and young people dont need any more laws that nobody respects. Shaffer added, If its unenforceable, they will come to see other legislation as unenforceable and then well have problems where we dont necessarily have them today. People of all kinds are in agreeance that the impact of this law would hardly be worth the effort. John Shelk, vice president of the American Gaming Association, also stated Its not like Congress is going to pass a law that bans legal gambling, and students across the country will say, ? Oh my God, I cant gamble anymore because its illegal. Sen. McCain, co-author of last years Senate bill, had countered his opinion to ESPN.com by saying, I dont think we have to choose between enforcing existing laws on illegal gambling and closing the loophole on legal gambling. McCain added, we can do both. McCain and others claim that eliminating legalized gambling in Nevada would be an essential first step on stopping the college sports gambling. Critics disagree. They believe that the attempt to chip away at illegal sports gambling isnt a logical first step, at all. The fact of the college sports gambling, is that there is too much publicity, popularity, and money surrounding this particular gambling sport. In the beginning there was a problem with popularity. From 1951-1974, there was a 10% excise tax levied by the Federal Government on the amount of sports wagers. The tax made the business unprofitable since the profit margin was generally 5% or less before the tax. In 1974, Congress was persuaded by the Nevada congressional delegation. From this persuasion, Congress ended up cutting the tax from 10% to 2%. From there, the boom took off. It took a little time but the pay off was great. Wagers on professional and college sports were totaling $1. 3 billion by 1988. After the new wave had taken off, professional sports teams and the NCAA became concerned. One outspoken supporter was Bill Bradley, a former basketball star and Democratic Senator from New Jersey. Bradley expressed, state-sponsored sports betting could change forever the relationship between the players and the game, and the game and the fans. Sports would become the gamblers game and not the fans game, and athletes would become roulette chips, he pleaded in 1992. Bradley and others apparently made quite an impact because Congress enacted the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, which was noted earlier as the Nevada loop hole. Again, the conflict elevated from there on out. Realistically though, as much as the NCAA wants this legalization stopped, there is an issue thats never discussed, but could legally keep the association from doing anything. It is another loophole that Nevada has found, and is a little more concrete. It is the 10th amendment, which delegates powers to the states not to the federal government. This means that if the bill becomes a law, the state of Nevada will definitely have grounds to contest it. The popularity of college sports gambling has continued to grow over the years. When the NCAA tournament begins to roll around each year, Nevada gets hard at work. March Madness, is virtually a madness. Its a craze that is so very wide-spread, it would literally be impossible to get rid of it. Brackets and spreads are created, and almost anybody with vision can say that they have seen the NCAA tournament bracket. It is so popular now that some media devote entire sections of newspapers to the event. Its inevitable that readers are able to find the bracket listed, and usually bold and in full color. You can even find the bracket displayed at bars, restaurants, and even work places. More popular is the office pool that seems to have grown so much that women and even non-sports fans find them selves anteing in at a shot on the pool. If this legislation is to pass, how are things like the office pools going to be regulated? Can any one realistically imagine the day that cops and or Federal agents busting bars and business environments for illegal gambling all over the country? The idea of the regulation is ridiculous. In addition to the casual gambling in offices and such, what about the vast expansion of gambling and sources of it on the Internet? The Internet is full of sites devoted to college sports and gambling of it. As far as the NCAA goes, it has what most would consider a hypocritical view on the situation. The NCAA claims to be firmly against the legal betting, but when it comes to the Tournament and other advertised events, one might think differently about the beliefs. In congressional testimony the NCAA says it opposes all forms of illegal sports wagering. Well, if anyone has heard of a little network called CBS, they might be able to recall a small tournament, in correlation with the network, called the NCAA Tournament. These two were in conjunction for this years tournament, but somehow the NCAA had no problem with CBS repeatedly pointing viewers to CBS. Sportsline. com, all throughout the broadcast. Additionally, CBS. Sportsline. com owns Las Vegas Sports Consultants. Some authorities estimate that over 80% of Las Vegas sports books subscribe to the line, set by this firm. During the tournament, this web site offered a free Bracket Pool Manager, in addition to odds, points, spreads, over/unders, and so on. You cant gamble through the site, but what other purpose does a Bracket Pool Manager and other such emminities serve besides gambling. When you link all of these things together, it just doesnt make any sense. There has to be an approval by the NCAA for all of this to have taken place, therefore, it is indeed to some extent, condoning this action that it claims to be so against. So what do you think that the NCAA can do or say? Would it be feasible for them to say no, you cant say that or broadcast our tournament anymore? NO! CBS accounts for 90% yes, 90% of the NCAA operating revenue. I seriously doubt that the NCAA is so consumed with its beliefs, that it will just discard the whole money issue that goes along with it. The National Association of Basketball Coaches, Official Athletic Site believes that the NCAA has many problems that it needs to address and correct before jumping the gun to Congress. Marc Isenbergs article on the site stated that, The NCAA cannot even begin to educate athletes and other students-or even congress-until it does the following: 1. ) demand that CBS cut its ties with CBS. Sportsline.com and Las Vegas Sports Consultants, which are a major part of the infrastructure of gambling on college sports 2. ) prohibit corporate partners from using bracket promotions or contests connected to the outcome of games 3. ) refuse to credential media outlets who publish lines and accept ads from tout services 4. ) fund a gambling education program on college campuses that addresses the problem of gambling, not just shaving. Can the NCAA tear itself away from its ? Show me the money outlook to conduct such a campaign? The answer is No. The truth remains, that nobody especially not the NCAA wants to go back to the unpopular, no money-making ways of the past. There is an undeniable problem with betting in college sports, mainly when it comes to students. This is the NCAAs major concern, but namely, point shaving. In general, point shaving is done by players that intentionally miss shots to change the outcome of the game. The NCAA has a very justifiable reason for the abolishment in terms of this actual concern. Over the past view years, there have been many cases in which athletes got involved in the negative aspects of gambling. This would often times result in owing bookies so much that they would get sucked into the point shaving problem. One student made his mark when he got involved with his roommate, who was also a popular bookie that was being investigated by officials. The student was Teddy Dupay, a basketball player for the University of Florida Gators. Dupay had shared winnings with his friend Kresten Lagerman, 23, after giving him inside information about whether the Gators could cover point spreads. Florida had also endured a 2000-2001 season filled with injuries. There were also many instances of injured players returning much sooner than expected. Following this discovery, Dupay was dismissed from the team. Another student, a running back at the Northwestern University had become the schools rushing leader. He had become involved in gambling so in-depth that he fumbled the football at the goal line to ensure his $400 wager on the point spread of his own game. These are the instances that are worthy of the abolishing desire. Still, the fact remains that these examples and 99% of sports gambling is done illegally or under the table. The truth of the matter is that, this is another back-and-forth issue (like abortion) that will never have silence nor contentment. There are serious problems with players and the ethics of the game, but no matter what, a ban on sports gambling will never solve one-single problem. The fact remains that 99% of all sports gambling is done illegally. Since it is currently legal, is there any truth to solving the problem by abolishing it? College sports gambling is truly not the real issue. There are too many other factors at play. When it comes to the players getting involved, I believe that they are able to make their own decisions. If they have difficulty doing that, there must be somewhat of a different issue- Ethics. Apparently, the NCAA should concentrate more on its players than Nevada. With the problem of these players, it doesnt leave much meaning to the idea may the best man win. Bibliography Barlett, Donald L. and James B. Steele, Throwing the Game, Time, (September 25, 2000) Gillespie, Mark, Americans Split on Whether Gambling on College Sports Should Be Banned, The Gallup Organization, (April 1, 2002) Isenberg, Marc, Gambling on College Sports: The NCAAs Solution is Part of the Problem, National Association of Basketball Coaches, Official Athletic Cite, (April 25, 2002) Jansen, Bart, Big name coaches support ban on amateur sports gambling, The Detroit News, (April 25, 2002) Pells, Eddie, Complaint: Dupay received money for sharing info, Slam! Basketball, (September 14, 2001) Rovell, Darren, Congree could trump Vegas on college book, ESPN, (March 15, 2002) Sauve, Valerie, Issues Committee holds discussion on illegal sports wagering in NCAA, The Daily Beacon, (March 5, 2002).

Relationship Between Gender and Health

Relationship Between Gender and Health Sex, Gender and Health Introduction One of the main objectives of the National Health Service set out in the 1940’s was â€Å"To ensure that everybody in the country-irrespective of means, age, sex, or occupation-shall have equal opportunity to benefit from the best and most up to date medical and allied services available (Ministry of Health, 1944). Although the words equity and equality do not feature in documents from the early days of the NHS, there are many reasons to conclude that the service was intended to provide equal access or actual treatment for those in equal need (Delamothe, 2008). This concept had been refined since then, and an equitable health service is understood to mean â€Å"one where individuals’ access to and utilisation of the service depends on their health status alone.† (Dixon et al., 2003). There are many explanations for factors attributable to differences in the equity of care, such as income, income inequality, social connectedness, and social capital, which have al l shown some association with health and illness (Berkman Syme, 1979; Fiscella Franks, 1997; Kawachi et al., 1997; Lomas, 1998; Naidoo Wills, 2000). This paper shall examine the meaning of gender as another of these determinants of health. The differences between the terms sex and gender shall first be discussed. Secondly pathways through which gender effects health shall be examined, paying particular attention to risk behaviours, gender roles, and gender discrimination. Finally, the differential exposure and differential vulnerability hypotheses shall be discussed. Sex and Gender Raymond Williams argued that vocabulary involves not only ‘the available and developing meaning of known words’ but also ‘particular formations of meaning-ways not only of discussing but at another level seeing many of our central experiences’ (Williams, 1983 p15). Language in this sense embodies ‘important social and historical processes’ in which new terms are introduced or old terms take on a new meaning. Often ‘earlier and later senses coexist, or become actual alternatives in which problems of contemporary belief and affiliation are contested’ (Williams, 1983 p22). The introduction of ‘gender’ in English in the 1970s as an alternative to ‘sex’ was to counter the implicit and explicit biological determinism pervading scientific lay language (Krieger, 2003). Sociologists describe sex as the relatively unchanging biology of being male or female, while gender refers to the roles and expectations attributed to men and women in a given society, roles which change over time, place and life stage (Phillips, 2005). Genetic profile and hormone profile are both examples of sex, a constant set of biological characteristics that remain the same across societies, whereas expectations about the imperative to bear children, the nature of parenting, or the status of being a mother are more to do with gender roles and expectations. Gender has an impact on health in a variety of ways. Gender inequalities in health While women generally experience poorer health than men, the pattern of gender differences in health is varied (Arber Cooper, 1999). Women have lower rates of mortality but, paradoxically, report higher levels of depression, psychiatric disorders, distress and a variety of other chronic illnesses than men ( McDonough Walters, 2001). The direction and magnitude of gender differences in health vary according to the symptom/condition and phase of life cycle (Denton et al., 2004). Female excess is found consistently across the lifespan for distress, but is far less apparent, even reversed, for a number of other physical conditions and symptoms (Matthews et al., 1999). Gender inequalities in income and wealth make women especially vulnerable to poverty. In some parts of the world this makes it difficult for them to acquire the necessities for health, especially during the reproductive years when family needs are greatest (Doyal, 2001). Social norms about the diversions of responsibility mean that many women have very heavy burdens of work, especially those who combine employment with domestic duties, pregnancy and child rearing (Naidoo Wills, 2001). Often, women in the house receive very little support and many are abused by their family members. It has been estimated that 19% of the total disease burden carried by women aged 15-44 in developed countries is the result of domestic violence and rape (World Bank, 1993). Further to this, anxiety and depression are reported more in women than in men in most parts of the world, yet there is no evidence that women are constitutionally more susceptible to such illness (Doyal, 2001). In Africa, powerlessne ss and lack of control underlie much of the exposure to HIV/AIDS amongst the female population. Disproportionate barriers (relative to men) in access to resources such as food, education and medical care disadvantage women in much of the developing world. In males risk taking behaviour is the norm amongst males in the developing world. Risk taking behaviour and its effects on male health There are now many links on the interaction between masculinity and health emerging (Schoefield et al, 2000). The development and maintenance of a heterosexual male identity usually requires the taking of risks that are seriously hazardous to health (Doyal, 2001). One of the most obvious examples of this regards the working environment. In many societies it is traditional for the man to assume the role of the provider, thus putting males at risk of dying prematurely from occupational accidents (Waldron, 1995), and although there are more women in the labour force, men from the poorest communities still do the most dangerous jobs. Further to the risks of the workplace, men often feel compelled to engage in risky behaviour to â€Å"prove their masculinity†, thus they are more likely than women to die in a car crash or dangerous sporting activities (Canaan, 1996). Men are also more likely than women to drink to excess and smoke, which increases ones physiological predisposition to early heart disease and other related problems (Doyal, 2001). They are also more likely than women to desire unsafe sex. A study in Ontario, Canada examined the causes of male deaths between birth and age 45. There reported 1,812 male deaths, of which 1,372 (76%) are due to motor vehicle accidents, suicide, and AIDS, leaving 440 deaths unrelated to behaviour. Although the male excess of deaths from car accidents may, in part be attributable to greater distances driven and not behaviour while driving, the male relationship with the automobile is almost certainly another aspect of gender roles. Only 308 (33%) of the 936 female dea ths are explained by such behaviour. When non-risk taking causes of death are isolated from the data, women under age 45 have a mortality which is 1.43 times that of mens. Over age 45 the leading causes of death for both men and women are chronic diseases. Men die of heart disease in equal numbers but at a younger age than do women. With increasing age the number of deaths for women creeps upward to equal that of men (Phillips, 2005). Differential exposure and differential vulnerability hypotheses Since gender is a measure of both biological and social differences, it is likely that the health inequalities between men and women reflect both sex-related biological and social factors, and the interactions between them (Denton et al., 2004). There are two general hypotheses that account for these gender based inequalities in health. The differential exposure hypothesis suggests that women report higher levels of health problems because of their reduced access to the material and social conditions of life that foster health (Arber Cooper, 1999), and from greater stress associated with their gender and marital roles. Many studies have shown that women occupy different structural locations than men: they are less likely to be employed, work in different occupations, and are more likely to be on lower incomes, and to do domestic labour and to be a single parent than men (Denton Walters, 1999). There are also gender differences in exposure to lifestyle behaviours, such as those prev iously mentioned (that men are more likely to smoke, consume alcohol) as well as having an unbalanced diet and being overweight, while women are more likely than men to be physically inactive (Denton Walters, 1999). De Vries and Watt (1996) also suggest that women report higher levels of health problems because they are exposed to a higher level of demands and obligations in their social roles, as well as experiencing more stressful life events. Women also have lower levels of both perceived control and self esteem than men (Turner Roszell, 1994), though women report higher levels of social support (Umberson et al., 1996). The differential vulnerability hypothesis on the other hand suggests that women report higher levels of health problems because they react differently than men to the material, behavioural and psychosocial conditions that moderate health (Denton et al., 2004). Multivariate analyses have shown that men and women differ in vulnerability to some, but not all, of the social determinants of health (Denton et al., 2004). That is, the moderating effect of gender is determinant specific. Having a high income, working full time, caring for a family, and having good social support have been shown to be more importance predictors for predicating health in women than men (Prus Gee, 2003). Smoking and alcohol consumption are more important as discussed previously, are more important determinants of health for men than women, while body weight and being physically inactive are more important for women (Denton Walters, 1999). Furthermore, the effects of stress may be experienced and personified b y men and women in a variety of different ways. The literature appears to show that women react more to ongoing strains than men do, and are more likely to report and react to stressors experienced by others (Turner Avison, 1987), while men are more likely to mention and react to economic stressors (Wheaton, 1990). Zuzenak Mannell (1998) argues that women have a greater vulnerability to the effects of chronic stressors on health due to the greater stress associated with their family and marital roles. Denton et al., (2004) used multiple indicators of health and its social structural, behavioural, and psychological determinants to gain a comprehensive understanding of the role that social factors play in determining health. They report that women’s poorer health is partly due to the reduced access, on average, to the material and social conditions of life that foster health, to their differential exposure to stressful life events and to everyday stressors associated with a women’s social roles. Men’s health also seems to be reduced by their greater likelihood to partake in risk taking behaviours such as smoking and excessive drinking. These, as well as physical activity are more important to men’s health. Conclusion Gender is a social construct, and sex is a biological construct. They are each distinct, and are not interchangeable terms. The use of the term gender facilitates discussion of the effects of social norms and expectations on the health of both males and females. It is clear that gender has many effects upon health and well being, and that this is a complex issue, with behavioural and psychosocial determinants of health growing out of the social context of peoples lives. This paper has discussed the social and structural context of peoples lives for health benefits – clearly a strong and well studies theme in the literature (Denton Walters, 1999; Denton et al., 2004). It seems that behavioural determinants play less of a role in predicting health, yet there effects also tend to be mediated by social structure (e.g. those with a low income are more likely to smoke, drink excessively, and be overweight and inactive. These factors can then, collectively, lead to chronic health pr oblems later on in life. It also seems reasonable to conclude that men and women suffer from different types of stressor. They also both cope in different ways. For example, the exposure hypothesis proposes that gender-based health inequalities are the result of the differing social location between men and women. There different life style behaviour’s and the differing number of chronic stressors and life experienced by men and women. The vulnerability hypothesis proposes that women’s health differs from men’s because they also react in different ways to factors that determine health. It seems then, that although there are many other sociological factors that can have an impact on health, there are many gender differences to account for also, making this a very complex issue. References Arber, S., Cooper, H. (1999). Gender differences in health in later life: the new paradox? Social Science and Medicine , 66 (6), 61-76. Bank, W. (1993). World development report 1993: investing in health. New York: Oxford University Press. Berkman, L., Syme, S. (1979). Social networks, host resitance and mortality: a nine year follow up study of Alameda County residents. American Journal of Epidermology , 109, 186-203. Delamothe, T. (2008). Universality, equity and quality of care. British Medical Journal , 336, 1278-1282. Denton, M., Walters, V. (1999). Gender differences in structural and behavioural determinants of health: an analysis of the social production of health. Social Science Medicine , 48, 1221-1225. Denton, M., Prus, S., Walters, V. (2004). Gender differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structrual, and behavioural determinants of health. Social Science and Medicine , 58, 2585-2600. De-Vries, B., Watt, D. (1996). A lifetime of events: Age and gender variations in the life story. International Journal of Aging and Human Development , 42 (2), 81-102. Dixon, A., Le Grand, J., Henderson, J., Murray, R., Poteliankoff, E. (2003). Is the NHS equitable? A review of the evidence . Londone: London School of Economics. Doyal, L. (2001). Sex. gender, and health: the need for a new approach. British Medical Journal , 323, 1061-1065. Fiscella, K., Franks, P. (1997). Poverty or income inequality as a predictor of mortality: Longtitudinal cohort study. British Medical Journal , 314, 1724-1728. Kawachi, I., Kennedy, B., Lochner, K., Prothrow-Smith, D. (1997). Social capital and health: Implications for public health and epidemiology. Social Science and Medicine , 87, 1491-1498. Lomas, J. (1998). Social capital and health: implications for public health and epidermology. Social Science and Medicine , 47, 1181-1188. Naidoo, J., Wills, J. (2000). Health Promotion-Foundations for Practice. London: BailliereTindall. Phillips, S. (2005). Defining and measuring gender: A social determinant of health whose time has come. International Journal for Equity in Health , 4 (11), 1-4. Prus, S., Gee, E. (2003). Gender differences in the influence of economic, lifestyle and psyhco-social factors on later life health. Canadian Journal of Public Health , 94 (3), 94-102. Schoefield, T., Connell, R., Walker, I., Wood, J., Butland, D. (2000). Understanding mens health and illness: a gender relations approach to policy, reseacrh and practise. Journal of the Amercian Colege of Health , 48, 247-258. Scotland, M. o. (1944). A national health service. London: HMSO. Turner, J., Avison, W. (1987). gender and depression: Assessing exposure to life events in a chronically strained population. Journal of Neurons and Mental Disease , 77 (8), 443-455. Turner, J., Roszell, P. (1994). Psychosocial resources and the stree process. In W. Avison, I. Gotlib, Stress and mental health: Contemporary issues and prospects for the future. New York: Platinum Press. Umberson, D., Chen, M., House, J., Hopkins, K., Slaten, E. (1996). The effect of social relationships on psychological well-being. Are men and women really no different? Sociological Review , 61, 837-857. Waldron, I. (1995). Contributions of changing gender differentials in behaviour to changing gender differentials in mortalitly. In D. Sabo, G. Gordon, Mens health and illness: gender, power, and the body. London: Sage Publications. Wheaton, B. (1990). Life transitions, role histories, and mental health. American Sociological Review , 55, 209-223. Williams, R. (1983). A vocabulary of culture and society. Revised edition. New York: Oxford University Press. Zuzanek, J., Mannell, R. (1998). Life-cycle squeeze, time, pressure, daily stress, and leisure participation: A Canadian perspective. Society and Leisure , 21 (2), 513-544. 1

Everything Must Change :: essays research papers fc

Stephen Crane was born on November 1, 1871. He was born into the Central Methodist Church in Newark. Crane was the fourteenth child of Mary Helen Peck and Reverend Dr. Jonathan Townley Crane Crane attended school in Ashbury Park, New Jersey, where one of his brothers operated a news agency. Crane attempted to spend his college years at Lafayette College. However, he flunked out and transferred to Syracuse University. There, he wrote on of his most prominent stories, "Maggie: A Girl Of the Streets" in 1891. Four years later, he finished writing his most well-known piece of work, The Red Badge of Courage. He then traveled to Europe to report the Greco-Turkish War for the New York Journal. Travel sent him spiraling into debt. While in Badenweiler, Germany, Crane came down with tuberculosis compounded with a recurring malaria fever he caught from previous travels. Crane died on June 5, 1900. His bodied lied in a horse stall in London before it was returned to New York for services. Today, many recognize Crane as one of the greatest writers in American history In the story "The Bride Comes To Yellow Sky", the Crane places the reader on a train with Jack Potter and his new bride. The train ride back from San Antonio was a long and droning one. While Jack returns home, a group of men have a drink at the local Gentleman's Saloon. The men either chat with the "all-knowing" bartender, or keep quiet. Suddenly, a man runs in to the bar and announces that Scratchy Wilson is drunk again. The Barkeeper locks the doors and the men inside start to worry. They worry because Jack, the town marshal, lacks a presence. As the Town Marshal, everyone knows Jack as the "guy that takes care of Scratchy Wilson". So, Scratchy starts walking around the streets of Yellow Sky, drunk, and carrying a pistol. He then pays a little visit to Jack's house and tries to start a fight. However, when Scratchy discovers that Jack is not home, he turns and starts to walk away. As he walks, he stumbles into Jack and his wife. He then gets upse t and tells Jack to try to shoot him. Jack, not carrying a weapon, informs Scratchy of his marriage and that he does not want to fight him. Scratchy, in disbelief, attempts to provoke him again. Jack again informs him that he is a newlywed and he does not have a gun.

Acceptance: Chinese & American Born Perspectives in Poetry

Kelvin Yee 10/21/12 Skyline College English 110 Paper #2 Acceptance: Chinese & American Born Chinese Perspectives in Poetry The United States is a place where people can have diverging views on how to describe the diverse nation. The country in fact does not have an official language because of the myriad of distinct ethnicities residing within the country. With all this diversity it is only natural for people to struggle with which cultural norm to follow. Of the many immigrants that have journeyed to the U. S. or a better life, Chinese immigrants perhaps have been discriminated against the most because at one point they were considered an alien incapable of assimilating which lead to laws preventing their immigration and naturalization during our nation’s not too distant history. From a Chinese perspective, appearance is everything and by default that means acceptance as well. Chinese immigrants often will develop opposing personas since the United States is predominantly an individualistic society whereas Chinese society is predominantly a collectivist culture.This imbalance in values has caused some Asian-Americans to become baffled over how to discover their true identity. While achieving acceptance while balancing multiple identities is not an easy feat to accomplish, authors Kitty Tsui and Laureen Mar have used poetry in similar and dissimilar ways to support people who are endeavoring to navigate through diverse and conflicting identities, through their poems: A Chinese Banquet and My Mother; Who Came From China, Where She Never Saw Snow. Both authors are activists that use poetry as well as other literary mediums to reach a broader audience.Tsui was born in Hong Kong and she is a lesbian with a loving partner so she is very familiar with longing for acceptance since she is a minority within a minority. Mar is of Chinese descent born in the United States at a time when discrimination against Chinese and Asians in general was still vastly prevalen t throughout the nation. The two authors use their intellect to enlighten as many people as they are able to reach with their literary works. The protagonist in Tsui’s poem is arguably modeled after her where she is striving to be accepted for being gay by her family.The protagonist attempts to come out to her mother â€Å"but she will not listen, she shakes her head. † (Tsui 613) This avoidance can become very problematic due to the conflicting societal teachings and will only perpetuate the alienation. When there is disapproval in Chinese families often a distance will start to build as children and parents start alienating one another. This largely stems from Chinese children being taught not to question authority while Western society is teaching almost the exact opposite.The main character in Mar’s poem is a Chinese immigrant mother that succumbs to a cycle of monotonous despair without even realizing it. The mother appears to be content doing the same job day in and day out for relatively low wages as she has been sewing sleeves onto ski jackets over and over again for twenty four years. She must work to support her family and because â€Å"she earns money by each piece, on a good day, thirty dollars† (Mar 533), thirty dollars that could easily be ten if she slows the pace.Being an immigrant with limited knowledge of the English language, she is not left with many options in terms of rising above her socioeconomic class but she cannot afford to slow down to take English lessons. Like many immigrants the mother gets caught in a catch 22 and over time loses sight of the goal of providing a better future for her and her family after all, she could have stayed in China to do this job. Both poems emphasize the struggles that someone goes through while both being and feeling like an outsider which only illustrates how important it is to bring conflicting viewpoints into equilibrium.Tsui’s poem illustrates the narrator grappli ng with her own persona as well as the persona her family would like her to portray. In contrast the struggle in Mar’s poem is about the inner workings of the intricate interactions between society and the immigrant population in America. These issues are deeply philosophical as there are many cultural dimensions rooted within them. These two distinguished poets have gone to great lengths to not only alert us to mounting issues in our society but they give us a map to navigate these turbulent waters as well.The struggles presented in the poems are not merely that of being an outsider because they have a fervent underlying clash of cultures that exists within them. Take Tsui’s poem for example, she asserts that you should allow your individuality to shine through but at the same time be respectful of the differing societal views. The first evidence of this notion is established early on in her poem where the reader discovers the narrator’s individuality flourishi ng in the form of fashion because the reader is specifically informed that the narrator is dressed differently from the rest of the female attendees of the family function.The narrator could have easily chosen to cause a raucous or simply refuse to attend the family function because her partner was not welcome at the event. Instead of pursuing either of these two scenarios she attends and â€Å"[sucks] on shrimp and squab† (Tsui 613) minding her own business while daydreaming of acceptance. This decision is very significant because the narrator demonstrates that she is still able to be respectful of the traditions of her family and culture while still allowing her individuality to thrive as much as possible given the circumstances.Through all of this she is still very conscious of not only her perceived image but her family’s image as well. In contrast Mar’s poem proclaims that you should not go against tradition in the slightest bit, but instead encourages peop le to follow tradition with one key factor to keep in mind; do not overwork yourself until you lose sight of why you are working so hard in the first place. Chinese society places great value in a strong work ethic but the mother keeps working without questioning authority, also something Chinese society teaches, which can be viewed as either a positive or negative Chinese trait to have.The mother ends up being overworked with a seemingly low prospect of climbing to a higher socioeconomic class without even realizing the disparity in the working conditions compared to the typical working conditions of native born Americans. Mar points out that many immigrants get taken advantage of because they are unfamiliar with what is proper and what is downright unscrupulous in hopes of Chinese immigrants realizing that virtues that are prized in Chinese culture may become a point of exploitation in cultures with dissimilar values.Not only have these renowned poets given us instruments to aid u s as we traverse challenging obstacles in multicultural lives, but they have done it in such manner that a reader of the poem can’t help but marvel at how they have used certain literary tools to reiterate their point without creating a feeling of alienation. Throughout both poems, both poets have given us subtle clues that are not immediately apparent but after careful reflection provide the reader with a revelation about the society that we live in.Tsui’s use of repetition is meant to have the reader believe that the family function is fairly casual despite initial evidence to the contrary. Very early on the speaker in the poem uses an oxymoron stating that â€Å"it was not a very formal affair but all the women over twelve wore long gowns and a corsage, except for me. † (Tsui 612) Clearly the event itself was a formal affair; otherwise the women over twelve would not have been in long gowns with a corsage. They could have simply been in a casual dress or pant s for that matter. It was not a very formal affair† is repeated several times during the course of the poem in an attempt to create a feeling of casualness. This casualness is a key concept that is further developed by the lack of punctuation in the entirety of the poem. Making the poem have a casual atmosphere is yet another way to show respect while still inserting individuality because she is able to soothe a stressful topic. For traditional Chinese families having a gay child is a very serious matter.In general Chinese society value sons more than daughters because the sons will continue the family name and it is assumed that sons will care for the parents in their old age. Since multiple cultures are working against Tsui it is only natural that she would endeavor to frame the issue in a softened manner. She points this out as not only a remedy for coming out but also as a guide to manage any tense situation in which there is are significant disadvantages. Mar utilizes a l iterary device known as enjambment to aid in emphasizing the irony in her poem.By having her thoughts flow in a continuous manner the reader does not have an opportunity to immediately pick up on the irony since there is no break between her thoughts. This writing style allows suspense of the poet’s point to build up, creating an epiphany upon reflection of the poem at the end. This style of writing allows the author to blend thoughts together that individually would not be very substantial but when combined, form a very profound and thought provoking literary work.Had Mar chosen to use an alternate style of writing she would have likely had to delve much deeper in her selection of words in order to convey her point with such an impact. Most rational people regardless of their cultural background would choose to portray their mother in a positive light. The narrator of Mar’s poem describes her mother as having hair as â€Å"coarse and wiry, [and] black as burnt scrub. † (Mar 532) No one would intentionally depict their mother in such a horrible fashion unless there was something amiss however; the little details like this are not immediately processed with the enjambment.Further analysis reveals additional evidence to suggest something is irrational. All the Chinese dialects are tonal languages like most Asian languages. Due to the pronouncing of certain tones in many Chinese dialects, many Westerners have viewed some of the dialects as being harsh and abrasive when in fact from the perspective of a native speaker, the dialogue is nothing more than a normal conversation. Mar specifically choses to have the narrator, a native speaker, describe Toisan Wah, a Chinese dialect, as being harsh.Obviously this suggests that there is some dissatisfaction of the current situation just as the fact that the mother has immigrated to America for twenty four years, but the speaker in the poem specifically points out that English is the mother’s se cond language suggests additional discontent. After twenty four years it shouldn’t be necessary to explicitly communicate this detail despite being a fact. On the surface of these two poems a reader can get wealth of information to guide through balancing multiple diverging identities but it is perhaps after careful analysis that you can appreciate the true implications of the poems.Both Tsui and Mar are activists but being that they come from a Chinese cultural background, though slightly differing views, they know how to express their opinions without being overbearing. Chinese culture is a high-context society meaning that there is a lot of emphasis put on the meanings of not what is said but rather what is implied whether it is in the form of writing style or nonverbal cues during physical interactions. A considerable wealth of knowledge can be lost without delving deeper to read in between the lines of our intricately elaborate network of intertwined cultures.With global ization and acculturation happening at an increasingly unwavering rate, these two poets have prompted us to take heed not to lose sight of our culture, the very essence of our identities, in a robust but diplomatic approach to gain acceptance. Works Cited Mar, Laureen. â€Å"My Mother; Who Came from China, Where She Never Saw Snow. † Barnet, Sylvan, William Burto and William E. Cain. A Little Literature. New York: Longman, 2007. 532-533. Poem. Tsui, Kitty. â€Å"A Chinese Banquet. † Barnet, Sylvan, William Burto and William E. Cain. A Little Literature. New York: Longman, 2007. 612-614. Poem.

Respect vs. Disrespect

Respect Vs Disrespect By Osita Onyebuchi Respect vs. Disrespect Have you ever met someone who was rude to you and didn't hold you with much regard? How did you feel? Did you feel angry? What do you think respect is? How is respect earned? Respect is an important way of being kind and good to other people. We live in a society that respect is earned not given. With respect there is also an opposite side of disrespect. The definition of respect is to consider worthy of high regard. There are different forms of respect, the word respect is defined as the condition of being esteemed or honored.Disrespect, on the other hand, is defined as a lack of respect. Respect has great importance in everyday life; everyone wants to be respected. Even those who do not give respect expect to be respected by others. We may also learn that how our lives go depends every bit as much on whether we respect ourselves. The value of self-respect may be something we can take for granted, or we may discover how very important it is when our self-respect is threatened, or we lose it and have to work to regain it, or we have to struggle to develop or maintain it in a hostile environment.Some people find that finally being able to respect them is what matters most   Ã‚  It is acknowledged widely that there are many different kinds of respect. Respect may come in different forms, but it will still be perceived as respect. Respect in your family household is very important for a child and any other individual. For example, a child may choose to obey their parent because their parent is very strict and the child doesn’t want to get on their bad side. This form of respect could also be perceived as fear because the child is worried about how the parent will react if they choose to misbehave. Read also Twitter Case StudyThe child would also respect their parent in a way that if they were to request something, the parents will grant the favor. Another example is a police officer respecting the rights of a man they just arrested. This form of respect is leaning towards unalienable rights. The police officer have to give you the respect that you deserve even when you are the one wrong in the situation. The respect goes a long way in our legal system because it’s the foundation on how criminals should be treated. Everybody akes mistakes especially criminals so you should always resect them even if you don’t approve of what they did. We are not in the place to judge anybody regardless of what they did. Everyone’s rights are respected regardless of merit. Another example is a child respecting and looking up to a celebrity. The child is in awe and therefore respects the celebrity. Besides those three examples, there is also religion. In different religions a nd culture comes major respect. The gestures you make with one culture is different with other cultures and religions.The culture of the people of China and Africa demand respect. For example, taking off your shoes before you enter into a house is very big in China but not as big in the United States. Another example would be calling your elders â€Å"aunt† or â€Å"uncle†. In Africa that is major respect, you can’t walk into somebody house and don’t greet them by saying â€Å"aunt or uncle†, Religious tolerance does not mean one cannot express his own beliefs. It does mean that seeking to undermine or attack the religious faith and beliefs of another has always been a short road to  trouble.It doesn’t matter if you dont worship the sam GOD the person next to you, just have respect for their religious beliefs. Cultures and religions are very important to people, so therefore respecting them is also very important. The last example is respe ct in the workplace. When you are at work there are so many rules you have to follow when it comes to respecting your co-workers. For example, there’s is a various amount of beautiful women at your workplace and you tend to gain interest in the person other than business relationship. I would advise not to do it due to the fact that it may come off as a form of disrespect.When it comes to building a relationship in the workplace it just doesn’t work out so try to stay away from that. Aside from respect, there is also disrespect. From being slapped by someone to being publically humiliated, disrespect is alive and well in today’s society. Just like respect, disrespect also comes in different forms. Verbal disrespect is a form of disrespect seen virtually everywhere. Raising your voice to an adult in public, using harsh words towards one another are some examples of verbal disrespect. Verbal disrespect does not always appear to be disrespect.For example, cutting s omeone off while they are speaking and lying and manipulation. When you cut somebody off when they are speaking that shows the person that you are not listening to them and don’t care about what they have to say. Many people are being verbally disrespected but do not notice it because it is not always as harsh as other forms of disrespect. Another form of disrespect is technological disrespect. Many people are disrespected and humiliated on social networks such Facebook, Twitter, and etc. But it doesn’t stop there, emailing texting, and even when talking on the phone can lead to technological disrespect.There is a lot of disrespect on the internet such as Facebook, both male and female can comment on somebody picture and say something sexual that the person would take offensive in disrespect. On twitter people can tweet something sexual and the only reason people are doing it because of fear so they hide behind a computer. Aside from technological disrespect is an even bigger issue of disrespect, physical disrespect. We’ve all heard about violence, not just in relationships but violence in general. Some examples of physical disrespect is violence in a relationship, physically hurting your children or family, or physically harming yourself.Physical disrespect is probably one of the worst forms of disrespect because it not only affects you physically but also emotionally and cognitively. One example of Physical disrespect is the bus driver incident that was over the news. A man should never put his hands on a female regardless of any circumstance. Physical abuse leaves scars that will not go away. In a relationship if you are getting physically disrespected, you should not be in the relationship than, no relationship is worth getting hit all the time. There are many variables when it comes to respect and disrespect.If you always respect a person it is likely that they will disrespect you. In this society that we live in treat others the way that you want to be treated. Respect goes a long way in life. Respect is to consider somebody that is high worthy. Everybody should be high worthy to you , just go by the guidelines provided below and you will be a respected person and also know how important it is to respect somebody else. Work Cite Page Koppelman, A. (2010). How Shall I Praise Thee? Brian Leiter on Respect for Religion. San Diego Law Review, 47(4), 961-986. Colker, J. (2012). THE DANGER OF DISRESPECT. Smart Business Chicago, 9(11), 10.